Chuck Ponzi July 2nd, 2008

If you were reading the previous post, you know that I was helping out a reader with some advice about his home in Arizona and what to do. Tonight I’ll take on the opportunity of what to do with the funds he has available. My next article will tackle when to buy.

Keep in mind that this advice is free, and you get what you pay for. If I were in the same situation, my actions might be different from what I am currently doing simply because each person and situation (as well as timing) is different.

When we left our friend Boomer yesterday, I had advised him to sell his home in Arizona even though that wasn’t the question. There was no question that the house was overvalued based on normal valuation methods. In addition, rates have remained stubbornly high despite a strong easing campaign by the Federal Reserve Bank. To that point, just over 2 years ago, I wrote about interest rates and what that portended:

1. Why are rates going down over time?
2. Is there a savings glut?
3. Why are risk premiums (spread) so small?
4. Are we about the enter a recession like the other small spreads indicated?

To the last point, if we enter a recession, is there any chance that housing can be saved through inflation? Does this mean 70’s style stagflation, or even worse, Japanese style deflation with ZIRP?

If anyone can provide a coherent way that housing can survive in the next 2 years, please tell us now!

At this point, I think we are out of options from a monetary perspective.

1. We already have inflation. Dropping rates will make it much, much worse.
2. Economic growth is slowing despite the mad dash of construction.
3. The credit market is precariously spread and rates could make a mad dash upward if international investors get spooked and run for the exits. The only way to keep the Dollar from meltdown at this point will be to raise rates even more.
4. Housing speculators will be crushed by negative amortization and high interest rates in this event(which arguably should have already happened by now).
5. The sitting inventory will cause personal financial distress and combined with the mad dash of rates could generate a general credit system event.

Either way, we will be seeing a much more favorable buying environment for housing in 3 or more years due to the general stress and turning of investor sentiment.

The backdrop of investor sentiment is the worst that I can remember, insomuch that you have everyone talking about a financial armageddon:

Buffet Struggles

Todd Harrison is 100% Cash

and, don’t forget the fear du jour:

Oil climbs peak, economies plumb depressions and the future will not imitate the past

While I agree that the next 10 years will not look like the last, I do think that there are plenty of opportunities that can be entered into in the next 6 months.

First, I have a couple of predictions:

1. The DOW should hold somewhere between 10,000 and 10,500. If it breaks that support level, even I’ll admit I haven’t a clue where we’re headed there.

2. I do think we are headed for a U-shaped recession, but that we have entered that recession 6 months ago and that we should emerge sometime in the next 18 months.

3. Oil is a bubble, but like the housing bubble, it is unpredictable. But, whatever you do, do not listen to the experts. They are called the experts because it’s up. If it were down, they’d be called idiots like bubble bloggers were circa 2005.

So, what should Boomer do with his new tax-free windfall?

I am also not quite 50% cash now with some recent purchases, but I do have a major cash position. I won’t recommend specific stocks, but there are some areas that I will generally avoid:

1. Oil-centric energy stocks. This is really dangerous because we learned from previous energy shocks, the seeds of conservation are being planted now and will grow into the future. Oil could very easily crash.

2. Look for investments that provide a cheaper way of performing necessities, or some game-changing technology that reinvents its space in a necessity. (wouldn’t we all like to find them) while avoiding consumer-centric stocks (many of which have already been trounced)

3. Small caps that rely heavily on borrowing for operating expenses. Many of these are already having difficulty obtaining financing, or even maintaining revolving lines.

Personally, I have invested most heavily in individual biotechnology stocks that have previously crashed by have a strong pipeline. Pharmas and biotech are littered with the remains and half-eaten carcasses from failed drugs, but entering after a crash for a company with strong fundamentals can provide some cover for potential falls. Personally, I stay away from pharmas with “lifestyle” drugs such as ED treatments in favor of those with candidates for life extending treatments for cancer, heart disease, and alzheimer’s. With an aging boomer population, I believe that we can still see strong growth in these areas in an attempt to “fix” the medicare problem. The companies I look for are those that don’t just extend life, but prevent deterioration of mental and physical faculties as these will be.

Any way you look at it, even investing in CDs is going to provide a better return for the next 5 years than real estate.

Boomer, sell and find a good place to park that money. Find a few funds that you believe in, or do the research yourself. All of the easy money was made and now it’s down to the nitty gritty of investing… yield, growth, and preservation. Good luck

• Boomers , Investing , predictions
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Chuck Ponzi June 30th, 2008

I recently had a reader pose a question to me via email and I’d like to take some time from our normal programming to see what is on his mind

Our friend, let’s call him Boomer for short, had this to ask of me:

Moved my family to La Costa area (renting) and own a house in AZ which I owe $159k at 6.5% (it adjusted and will again in 8 months) The home was at peak worth $750k now $550k I had it rented last yr for $2200 and just signed a 3 yr lease w/ new tennant for $2,400 . I have $600k in cash..Should I pay this house off?? or should I just refi it and hold on to my cash to buy here in S cal in a yr or two?

First off, I have a couple of thoughts:

1. Whoever Boomer is, he’s in a pretty good position, relatively speaking

2. Without knowing his age, I’d say Boomer is likely Early Xer or Late Boomer.

3. The most important point of all (where he wants or needs to live) is missing from the question. Don’t feel bad, many people forget this little factoid. We’ll assume that he wants to stay in SoCal.

I’ll deal with some important points:

1. What is that house in Arizona really worth long-term?

2. What should Boomer do with the cash?

3. What kind of financing makes the most sense?

What is that house in AZ really worth?

This is the question that wasn’t really asked, but needs to be answered, what is the house in Arizona worth, so we can understand what to do with the money.

Well, Arizona is a big place. It has a varied geography with beautiful vistas, scorching deserts, and some bone chilling mountains. You may not like what I have to say, but I’ll say it anyway. Your perception of the world and finances is the boiled frog syndrome. Not that I blame you. You’ve been raised in a world of ever decreasing interest rates and increasing asset values. The world has been kind to you.

You see, the success of many of the past 30 years (primarily the boomer cohort) is a demographic abnormality. Asset values have increased simply because of the organic demand of the Baby Boomer generation and ever increasing ability to finance that demand. In addition to this, an extremely relaxed monetary policy has increased the value of assets consistently since inflation was trounced back in the late 70s.

Unfortunately for many, that time is over.

In the short run, houses are worth what someone else is willing to pay for it, but in the long run, they are subject to the value of the next best alternative, or substitute pricing. The best substitute for owning a house is renting one. In some cases (such as short-term living), renting is almost always the clear alternative.

There are many formulas for determining the value, but one of the simplest mechanisms is the GRM (Gross Rental Multiplier). Basically, this number is used to multiply the monthly rent to arrive at a fair estimate of rental value. However, this is only a rule of thumb and is not to be taken as gospel; lower interest rates (like I expect we will see for the forseeable future) will increase the GRM, while substitutes (buildable land, locus to employment centers) will decrease it. In certain premium places like Orange County, the upper stretch might be 220 or so, while in places like Las Vegas or Arizona, a more reasonable 120 to 160 is more in line with reality. If we err on the side of optimism (150 GRM), this places the current value based on long-term fundamentals at about $360,000, leaving Boomer with a $190,000 premium over its fair value. If I were evaluating a stock, I’d say SELL! SELL! SELL! Doubly more so if Boomer had lived in the house for more than 2 of the last 5 years since he can walk away with pretty much all of the money tax free. It doesn’t matter what the market is selling at, if there is really that much of a disparity, sell that house and get your money! (of course, it doesn’t help that it was just rented, but there are always ways to let a renter go, if the price is right). At a 229 GRM, his house is badly overpriced. When it was $750K, I haven’t a clue how someone could justify that, since it would have been a GRM of 340. Holy smokes!

The future good in some ways, but bleak in other. The Southwest is largely overbuilt in nearly every city with a real dearth of extensive employment opportunities (unless WalMart is your target), and if energy prices remain elevated (not a given in my mind), the ability to pay will deteriorate along with the economy. Boomer may end up with late (or no) payments from his rental. Rentals are generally difficult to manage from a long distance and I would only advise it if you were planning on returning back to the home at some date. However, that would be hard after living in LaCosta for a few years.

In addition, a house can be valued at the cost of money to purchase it. This is a bit more detailed, but an easy rule of thumb is to take the rental equivalent, figure in future increases in rent, and discount the cash flows based on current borrowing rates. It accomplishes about the same thing as GRM, but removes the variability of borrowing rates (especially if it is held as a long-term investment). Using the inverse calculation, you could figure what the “money rent” on the current place would be given a few variables such as the “current value” and current interest rates. Given a current value of $550,000, the money rent valuation using 7% says that Boomer should be collecting about $3,700 in rent on that money. This leaves out taxes, repairs, rental expenses, vacancy, and many other options, so it is by far the most optimistic. By this reckoning, the house would have an imputed value of $357K, pretty darn close to our above $360K value. Sounds like time to sell this puppy no matter how you look at it.

As another way of thinking of it, as interest rates go down, this increases the ability to pay, but that can only increase so much since the risk of buying on low interest rates and being unable to sell into a similar situation will weigh heavily on others’ minds and prices will need to adjust to handle this uncertainty. Since demand for housing is waning as the boomer generation ages in place or downsizes (or simply dies), it is unlikely that houses will be able to continue their rich valuation long into the future without a substantial demographic to replace them with the ability to purchase.

Any way you look at it, the house is currently valued at more than it is “worth”. I can show houses in Orange County that currently have better GRMs than what this house is showing, and Orange County is one of the most overpriced locales in the US.

Tomorrow, I’ll deal with the question of what Boomer should do with his cash. Any thoughts before then?

• Boomers , Bubble , Deflation , Denial , Investing
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Chuck Ponzi April 27th, 2007

While much has been said about Boomers and their propensity to spend, it would seem that many of that cohort are quite wealthy (especially after the biggest asset bubble of all time), if nothing more than on paper.

It is, however noteworthy to examine some of the cultural and generational differences between Boomers and later generations, namely X’ers and Y’ers. I would suggest that in some ways, they are very much the same. A propensity to consume mixed with a lack of self-control (for the most part) has changed the landscape of America’s economy (roughly 70% of the economy is now consumer-driven. With a ever-more competitive global labor force stirred in with enabling technologies, we see much of the world now competing for lowest-cost solutions. Not only for manufacturing, but of the knowledge based economy as well.

Tanta on Calculated Risk today featured a piece on the generational differences between the soon-to-be retired, and the current consumers that the after generations represent. A good read by many accounts:

Simply put: As consumers become increasingly computer savvy, brokers are finding they are no longer in charge. Those brokers who don’t keep up are in danger of becoming, well, endangered. But it’s not just a matter of disseminating information; the medium is the message. . . .

“They are techno-literate and techno-fused,” says Dallas-based consultant John Ansbach. “Gen X grew up as computers grew up. Gen Y is techno-fused. They don’t know how to do anything without computers. The latch-key effect for both is a profound sense of: I can do it on my own, given the right tools. Gen X and Y-ers believe in their heart of hearts if they had enough coffee and access to the Internet, they could learn to fly the space shuttle.”

This is much like an entry I made some time ago, Boomers, Clueless and Wondering. Not that you would paint the entire generation with the same brush, but there are a number of funny things about many boomers when viewed outside of the little world they created. I once had the generational differences described to me in a management seminar (by a boomer no less) in terms related to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator system. The instructor identified boomers as being more extroverted, sensing, or some such garbage. I honestly lost interest from that point on because it seemed fruitless to try to compartmentalize an entire generation, much less a single person. So, the irony of the situation was not lost on me. A boomer, describing to me, in boomer terms, how they were different from others. How pathogenically self-obsessed.

So, it was with a little internal chuckling that I read from MSN a recent story titled “Boomers Going Bankrupt“. It seems our favorite extroverts are going bankrupt faster than everyone else:

Americans over the age of 55 are filing for bankruptcy at a faster rate than the general population as growing mortgage debt and higher health care costs make them more vulnerable, a new study shows.

The trend of rising bankruptcies among older Americans is likely to continue for the foreseeable future, according to the study’s authors, John Golmant and Tom Ulrich, researchers at the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts.

Which, I have to admit makes me sad to know that with all of the wealth that the generation accumulated through stocks and houses, they still can’t pay their bills. There was a great short skit from Saturday Night Live titled Don’t Buy Stuff You Cannot Afford that might just come in handy for that conversation.

All of which is interesting because it seems that the Gen-Y’ers are doing a little better with their own consumption than was previously imagined (Kudos to solvency):

The steepest increase in Chapter 7 filings occurred among people older than 55.

Golmant and Ulrich also found that the median age of those filing for bankruptcy rose to 41.4 in 2002, up from 37.7 in 1994.

The youngest Americans, meanwhile, had a drop in filings, with 4 percent of Americans under the age of 25 filing for protection from creditors in 2002. That fell from 11 percent in 1994.

Which makes me wonder if this entire financial system that the Boomers built (Debt, consumption, mortgaging the future) won’t just someday implode on America. This image reminds me of one of my favorite boomer-era movies endings:

• Boomers
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